BIOLOGY SHORT REVISION〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰💠The Living World

BIOLOGY SHORT REVISION

〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰

💠The Living World

Unique Features of Living organism:-

● Growth

● Reproduction

● Metabolism

● Consciousness

● Life span

All processes of life occur in protoplasm and hence Huxley Wrightly called protoplasm as the physical basis of life. It is known as living matter because it shows all properties of life.

💠BIODIVERSITY

Currently there are some 1.7 – 1.8 million living organisms known to science.

Out of which 1.25 are animals and about 0.5 millions are plants.

👉Use of Systematics

1) Identification

2) Nomenclature

3) Classification

🔘Biological nomenclature : For providing scientific name to known organisms.

Each name has two components- generic name (genus) and specific epithet (species).

This system of nomenclature was provided by Carolus Linnaeus.

🔘Taxonomic categories : A taxonomic category is a rank or level in the hierarchical classification of organisms. There are seven obligate categories and some intermediate categories.

👉Taxonomic hierarchy is given below :

Kingdom > Division > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species

🔘Taxonomic Aids : Techniques, procedures and stored information that are useful in identification and classification of organisms are called taxonomic aids.Like:

1. Herbarium

2. Museums

3. Zoological park

4. Botanical Garden

5. Key

• Key stone species determine the biotic structure of an entire commonly.

• Taxonomy is divided into three types by Turil (1938).

1) α (alpha) taxonomy – It deals with collection and identification of organisms on

the basis of gross morphology, field and herbarium studies that helps to comile monographs and flora and to identify plants. It is classical taxonomy.

2) β (beta) taxonomy – It deals with collection and identification on the basis of morphology and evidences from genetics, cytology, anatomy, physiology, etc.

3) ω (omega) taxonomy – It consider all microscopic observations and

biochemical evidences and is equivalent to neosystematics (modern taxonomy) and based on phonetic classification.

● Father H. Santapau – Father of Indian Taxonomy.

● William Roxburgh – Father of Indian Botany and Indian Herbaria.

● The term taxonomy was coined and used by French botanist A.P. de Candolle (1813) in his book Theorie Elementaire de La Botanique.

● Term systematic was used by Swedish botanist and doctor Linnaeus (father of Taxonomy for his book System Nature (1735).

🔰Famous Books

•The origin of Life : Oparin

•Principles of Systematic Zoology : Emst Mayr

•Phillosophic Zoologique : Lamarck

•Systema Naturae (1735, 1758) : Linnaeus

•Species Plantarum (1753) : Linnaeus

•Genera Plantarum (1737): Linnaeus

•Philosophia Botanica : Linnaeus

● Vegetation of an area is described but flora/fauna is listed.

● FAA (Formalin aceto-alcohol) is a liquid preservative, most commonly used for preserving anatomy materials.

● Botanical survey of India (BSI) was established in 1890. Its head office is at Calcutta.

Species with two or more varieties/subspecies is known as polytypic species while the one which has no race/variety/subspecies is called monotypic species.

Cohort A group of individuals of the same age within a population.

Sympatric species (Sym = Similar). These are genetically unrelated (different) individuals of species having same or overlapping area of geographical distribution.

Allopatric species (Allo = different). These are genetically related species having different area of geographical

distribution.

Lamarck gave dyanamic concept stating that species is mutable and dynamic.

Biological concept of species was given by Dobzansky (1937) and Mayr (1942).

🅂🄷🄰🅁🄴 🅆🄸🅃🄷 🅈🄾🅄🅁 🄵🅁🄸🄴🄽🄳🅂 🤝🤝🤝 ▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬

♥️𝐅𝐎𝐑 𝐌𝐎𝐑𝐄 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐍𝐓♥

»-----------------☆-------------------►

🇯 🇴 🇮 🇳 🇫 🇦 🇸 🇹

💌OUR CHANNEL

┏━━°❀•°:🎀ೋ🎀:°•❀°━━┓

✨Јоіп ɠг๏ยթ✨

@knowledge_factory123🌤

┗━━°❀•°:🎀ೋ🎀:°•❀°━━┛

Comments

11 Class Master Key and Books

Knowledge Factory New Channel: Get all subjects master key from this Google Drive link 👇🏻👇🏻 https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/mobile/folders/1BuvOCBI_y56nyOwAcVeiG5LUbtBGjeXK Get all subjects textbooks from this Google Drive link 👇🏻👇🏻 https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=11cIU550K5YlwdGqjY5uhGeEVfVHlH9iE

11th Class All Book PDF Download

For more Study Material Join 🔜 https://t.me/knowledgefactory_55 11th Class All Book PDF Download Biology https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HabfYNKdLijL7UBy7IfowXeJgFSfrMZG/view?usp=drivesdk Physics https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xIPg_P-d34HfKopxvIZpakPmY27t3oDl/view Chemistry https://drive.google.com/file/d/1e3lZafbWlX2ExhknApxe-rcia2b1GM7w/view Information Technology https://drive.google.com/file/d/10nM37xNgpyHOgO2knvm6yYB-zUHNrDDc/view English https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OxGjnWsbnOnYJj8JVoKJ8Tcd0CxJ2gLc/view Mathematics and Statics -1 (For Commerce Students) https://drive.google.com/file/d/19Yx1lmmsXee-IfZWf7bVjCgXhqNLEGh6/view Mathematics and Statistics-II (For Commerce Students) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TVG6z8v0LC_zCjifMTHSXJFW6tRXBJRe/view Mathematics and Statistics-I (For Arts and Science Students) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1q_KVYffIlB0lHtWLr_C3FXfQKYFxrVQu/view Mathematics and Statistics-II (For Arts and Science Students) https://drive...

all organic chemistry lectures by DN sir. (Allen, kota)

KNOWLEDGE FACTORY.......... 🙃🙃 Aab kota bhi hamare mutthi main. D N sir from allen institute, kota. DN SIR (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY) Lecture 1 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5347540.mp4 Lecture 2 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5354521.mp4 Lecture 3 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5360505.mp4 Lecture 4 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5375009.mp4 Lecture 5 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5382818.mp4 Lecture 6 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5387062.mp4 Lecture 7 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5393283.mp4 Lecture 8 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5405035.mp4 Lecture 9 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5410071.mp4 Lecture 10 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5413820.mp4 Lecture 11 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5418531.mp4 Lecture 12 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5424967.mp4 Lecture 13 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5428657.mp4 Lecture 14 https://d3pqbp55enojba.cloudfront.net/5431822.mp4 Lecture 15 http...

Class🎯 11th mh board 🎯 pdfPhysics all chapter Notes📲Biology all chapter notes📲📲

Class🎯 11th mh board 🎯 pdf Physics all chapter Notes📲 ❇️❇️👇❇️❇️ https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=19_OIGO5LB1UvSE4pHP7NirAa1gkt_cYM Biology all chapter notes📲📲 ❇️❇️👇❇️❇️ https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=1E0r7ay4uKpyTtsaRAO361MSryXuD8q6d

✅Class 11 Chemistry Study Material

✅Class 11 Chemistry Study Material ✔️ NCERT Notes - https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1MJI_-Dv3OnBeqmKbxxSW_o1odtZifTR- ✔️JEE pyq's- https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/12EuY6ujivPbPEbOS0bCkbrJ9LCZIVQFW ✔️JEE/NEET notes- https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1gh87EBeP8hG2SFxCqM28incyKRKAw0yc ✔️Concept maps- https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1NiqcoQ8cad60yqiB1kYTvw81jwmR6LiE Join Official Channel to get more Notes YouTube Channel https://youtube.com/channel/UCT9fNhRTCrhxhBlDBGNdH-A Telegram Group https://t.me/jee_neet_aimmslbsana_upsc Telegram Channels https://t.me/knowledgefactory_55

Resources and Development class 10 Geography Notes

Resources Everything in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs and is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable is termed as ‘Resource’. Human beings themselves are essential components of resources. They transform material available in the environment into resources and use them. Classification of Resources Resources can be classified in the following ways: (a) On the basis of origin – biotic and abiotic (b) On the basis of exhaustibility – renewable and non-renewable (c) On the basis of ownership – individual, community, national and international (d) On the basis of the status of development – potential, developed stock and reserves a) On the Basis of Origin – Biotic and Abiotic Biotic Resources are obtained from the biosphere and have life. Eg: Human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock etc. Abiotic Resources: All those things which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic resources. Eg: rocks and me...

The Journey of Saint Mother Teresa

The Journey of a Saint “Life is not worth living unless it is lived for others.”- Mother Teresa. A name that resonates with charity and humility, she taught us the true meaning of selfless living. A life so dedicated to the cause of providing for others, that it has come to be identified with the stories of the million lives she touched with her healing hand. Decorated with the highest of awards and recognitions worldwide, our humble lady had but one thing to say, “I personally am most unworthy, and I having avowed poverty to be able to understand the poor, I choose the poverty of our people. But I am grateful and I am very happy to receive it in the name of the hungry, of the naked, of the homeless, of the crippled, of the blind, of the leprous, of all those people who feel unwanted, unloved, uncared, thrown away of the society, people who have become a burden to the society, and are ashamed by everybody.” (10 December, 1979, Nobel Prize Speech) While her deeds of sel...

Daily Life Chemistry

🛑Structure of the Atom🛑

🛑Structure of the Atom🛑 ➖By 1900, it was discovered that the atom was not a simple, indivisible particle, but rather it contains sub-atomic particles. ➖J.J. Thomson discovered the sub-atomic particle namely ‘electron.’ ➖J.J. Thomson was the first person who proposed a model for the structure of an atom. ➖In 1886, E. Goldstein discovered the presence of new radiations in a gas discharge and named them canal rays. ➖Another positively charged sub-atomic particle was discovered with experiments of canal rays and named it proton. 🧿Thomson’s Model of Atom ➖Thomson proposed that an atom consists of a positively charged sphere and the electrons (negative charge) are embedded in it (as shown in the image given below). ➖Further, Thomson said that the negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude. Thus, the atom as a whole is electrically neutral. 🧿Rutherford’s Model of Atom ➖E. Rutherford is popular as the ‘Father’ of nuclear physics. ➖Rutherford is largely known for his work on radio...

Heat notes for class 10 by technoedu.

* Heat * Heat is a form of energy that is defined as the sum of kinetic energy contained by the molecules of that object. The SI unit of heat is Joules. The AP SSC Class 10 Physical Science Chapter 1 heat discusses the various properties of heat. Heat is directly proportional to the mass of the object and the average kinetic energy. The degree of hotness and coldness of a body is known as temperature. It determines the rate of flow of heat from one body to another. The concept of heat and temperature, although related, are not alike. Let us look at a few differences between them. Heat Temperature Heat is the amount of energy that flows in a body Determines the direction of heat flow Total...

Knowledge Factory.

Search This Blog